The ability to degrade intracellular proteins in a controlled manner is an important cellular function. It is utilized to remove and recycle unnecessary, damaged and/or harmful components, which is an essential ability to maintain cellular homeostasis and health. The most well-known routes to selective degradation of proteins are proteasomal degradation and selective autophagy. In both pathways, proteins targeted for degradation are marked polyubiquitination (polyUb), with chains that are linked at lysine K48 and K63, respectively...Read more

Cancer is a leading cause of death in every country of the world and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is third in line in terms of mortality (Sung, 2021). In the past few years, immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has become a common treatment route for HCC, but a large proportion of patients are resistant to such treatments...Read more

Mitosis is the fundamental process by which genetic information is passed from a parental cell to two daughter cells. The crucial role of the microtubule cytoskeleton and the centrosomes in this process is well known, and still early mouse embryo lack centrosomes. In a study published in Cell researches have found an explanation to this paradox...Read more

Knowing where proteins are localized in the cell can help map out cellular processes and signaling pathways to better understand the flow of information within and between cells. The subcellular location of a protein is thought to be tightly linked to its function so that a protein in the nucleus may be involved in gene regulation, while one in the mitochondria might play a role in energy production. However, after having studied the subcellular location of the majority of all human proteins it seems that more than half are in fact multilocalizing proteins (MLPs)...Read more

Sperm cells are highly specialized for their function in reproduction and have a unique structure among the human cell types. Similarly, the repertoire of proteins that are present in sperm comprise many cell-type specific components. Researchers affiliated with the Human Protein Atlas have started to map proteins in human sperm using immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy to complement and further build on the comprehensive studies of the sperm proteome that so far mainly have been performed using mass spectrometry. This new approach gives a detailed view of the presence and subcellular localization of proteins in sperm, with single-cell resolution...Read more