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Show complete data for human cells assay. The location(s) are highlighted in the illustration on the right.
Mainly localized to vesicles.
RNA cell categoryi
The cell lines in the Human Protein Atlas have been analyzed by RNA-seq to estimate the transcript abundance of each protein-coding gene. The RNA-seq data was then used to classify all genes according to their cell line-specific expression into one of six different categories, defined based on the total set of all TPM values in all analyzed cell lines.
Protein evidence scores are generated from several independent sources and are classified as evidence at i) protein level, ii) transcript level, iii) no evidence, or iv) not available.
Evidence at protein level
Main locationi
The main location is characterized by presence in all tested cell lines and/or increased intensity compared to other locations. It is highlighted in the illustration to the right. If available, links to overrepresentation analyses in Reactome, a free, open-source, curated and peer reviewed biological pathway database, are provided. An analysis is done for the corresponding gene set of the proteome localizing to the main and additional locations of the protein on this page, respectively.
Localized to the Vesicles (approved)
DATA RELIABILITY
Reliability scorei
A reliability score is set for all genes and indicates the level of reliability of the analyzed protein expression pattern based on available protein/RNA/gene characterization data. The reliability of the annotated protein expression data is also scored depending on similarity in immunostaining patterns and consistency with available experimental gene/protein characterization data in the UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot database.
Below is an overview of RNA expression data generated in the HPA project. The analyzed cell lines are divided into 12 color-coded groups according to the organ they were obtained from. By clicking the toolbars in the top right corner it is possible to sort the cell lines in the chart by different criteria: the organ and the origin that the cell line was obtained from, the category of the cell line according to cellosaurus, alphabetically or by descending RNA expression. Detailed information about a specific cell line can be accessed by hovering over the corresponding bar in the chart. The RNA-sequencing results generated in the HPA are reported as number of Transcripts per Kilobase Million (TPM). In the Human Protein Atlas a TPM value of 1.0 is defined as a treshhold for expression of the corresponding protein.
The cell lines in the Human Protein Atlas have been analyzed by RNA-seq to estimate the transcript abundance of each protein-coding gene. The RNA-seq data was then used to classify all genes according to their cell line-specific expression into one of six different categories, defined based on the total set of all TPM values in all analyzed cell lines.
: Cell line enhanced (AN3-CA, HAP1, BEWO, NTERA-2)
Organ
Origin
Category
Expression
Alphabetical
Cell lines sorted after organ of phenotypic resemblance.
Cell lines sorted after biological source for establishment.
Cell lines sorted after the cell line category according to Cellosaurus.
Cell lines sorted on descending RNA expression.
Cell lines sorted alphabetically.
HUMAN CELLSi
The "human cells" section gives an overview about the subcellular location of the protein of interest obtained by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy, an antibody-based protein-visualization technique. The immunofluorescent analysis is carried out in three different cell lines, one of them always being U-2 OS. A selection of immunofluorescent images is displayed below. Three different organelle probes are displayed as different channels in the multicolor images - nucleus stained in blue, microtubules in red and ER in yellow. The antibody staining targeting the protein of interest is shown in green. By using the toggle channel buttons, the different channels can be turned on and off. For the selection of the images to compare, use the checkboxes next to the images at the bottom. Three images can be compared at a time. All images are clickable for an enlarged view. The selected image will appear in large size and miniature images with all other staining results for this gene will be listed at the top left of the image. The selected miniature image has an orange overlay. For cell structure reference, visit the cell dictionary.
Summaryi
Summary of the immunofluorescent analysis in all studied cell lines with all tested antibodies.
Mainly localized to vesicles.
Main locationi
The main location is characterized by presence in all tested cell lines and/or increased intensity compared to other locations.
Vesicles (approved)
Toggle channelsi
Three different organelle probes are displayed as different channels in the multicolor images - nucleus stained in blue, microtubules in red and ER in yellow. The antibody staining targeting the protein of interest is shown in green. By using the "toggle channels"-buttons, the different channels can be turned on and off. The intensity toggle shows the pixel intensity range in 16 different colors for the selected channel. The object toggle shows the computational segmentation of the cells used for further analysis in the HPA project. For samples where cell cycle dependency for the protein is suggested according to a correlation assay the predicted cell cycle position of each cell is displayed when using the object toggle.
Low
High
G1
S
G2
M
N/A
Thumbnaili
Representative images for the assay. Three images can be compared at the same time. To change which images to compare, use the checkboxes next to the images below. All images are clickable for an enlarged view. The selected image will appear in large size and miniature images with all other staining results for this gene will be listed at the top left of the image. The selected miniature image has an orange overlay.
Antibodyi
Antibody used for analysis. Clicking the antibody ID links to the antibody validation page.
Cell linei
Cell line used for analysis. Read more about the cell lines in the Human Protein Atlas.
Locationi
Location(s) annotated in the corresponding cell line.
Single-cell variationi
As the images in the Cell Atlas provide single cell resolution, variations in protein expression patterns from cell to cell can be observed. A single-cell variation can either be observed in the intensity of the immunofluorescent signal or in the spatial distribution pattern of the protein. This column contains information about whether and for which of the annotated locations a single-cell variation pattern was manually annotated.
Cell cycle dependent variationi
A likely cause for single-cell variation in the immunofluorescent images is cell cycle dependency. This column contains information about whether the manually observed cell-to-cell variation pattern correlates with cell cycle progression.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the fibroblast growth factor receptor family, where amino acid sequence is highly conserved between members and throughout evolution. FGFR family members differ from one another in their ligand affinities and tissue distribution. A full-length representative protein consists of an extracellular region, composed of three immunoglobulin-like domains, a single hydrophobic membrane-spanning segment and a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase domain. The extracellular portion of the protein interacts with fibroblast growth factors, setting in motion a cascade of downstream signals, ultimately influencing mitogenesis and differentiation. This particular family member is a high-affinity receptor for acidic, basic and/or keratinocyte growth factor, depending on the isoform. Mutations in this gene are associated with Crouzon syndrome, Pfeiffer syndrome, Craniosynostosis, Apert syndrome, Jackson-Weiss syndrome, Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrata syndrome, Saethre-Chotzen syndrome, and syndromic craniosynostosis. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been noted for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2009]
The protein browser displays the antigen location on the target protein(s) and the features of the target protein. The tabs at the top of the protein view section can be used to switch between the different splice variants to which an antigen has been mapped.
At the top of the view, the position of the antigen (identified by the corresponding HPA identifier) is shown as a green bar. A yellow triangle on the bar indicates a <100% sequence identity to the protein target.
Under the antigens, the maximum percent sequence identity of the protein to all other proteins from other human genes is displayed, using a sliding window of 10 aa residues (HsID 10) or 50 aa residues (HsID 50). The region with the lowest possible identity is always selected for antigen design, with a maximum identity of 60% allowed for designing a single-target antigen (read more).
The curve in blue displays the predicted antigenicity i.e. the tendency for different regions of the protein to generate an immune response, with peak regions being predicted to be more antigenic.The curve shows average values based on a sliding window approach using an in-house propensity scale. (read more).
If a signal peptide is predicted by a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius (turquoise) and/or transmembrane regions (orange) are predicted by MDM, these are displayed.
Low complexity regions are shown in yellow and InterPro regions in green. Common (purple) and unique (grey) regions between different splice variants of the gene are also displayed (read more), and at the bottom of the protein view is the protein scale.
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The ENSP identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary, while the ENST identifier links to the Ensembl website transcript summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the UniProt column can be expanded to show links to all matching UniProt identifiers for this protein.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The Gene Ontology terms assigned to this protein are listed if expanding the Gene ontology column. The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide (according to a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius) and the number of predicted transmembrane region(s) (according to MDM) are also reported.
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Kinases Tyr protein kinases CD markers Predicted secreted proteins Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC SignalP predicted secreted proteins Phobius predicted secreted proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins Plasma proteins RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Mutated cancer genes Mutational cancer driver genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Missense Mutations Disease related genes FDA approved drug targets Biotech drugs Small molecule drugs Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000122 [negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter] GO:0000165 [MAPK cascade] GO:0000166 [nucleotide binding] GO:0001525 [angiogenesis] GO:0001657 [ureteric bud development] GO:0001701 [in utero embryonic development] GO:0002053 [positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation] GO:0003148 [outflow tract septum morphogenesis] GO:0003149 [membranous septum morphogenesis] GO:0004672 [protein kinase activity] GO:0004713 [protein tyrosine kinase activity] GO:0004714 [transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity] GO:0005007 [fibroblast growth factor-activated receptor activity] GO:0005088 [Ras guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005524 [ATP binding] GO:0005576 [extracellular region] GO:0005634 [nucleus] GO:0005654 [nucleoplasm] GO:0005737 [cytoplasm] GO:0005794 [Golgi apparatus] GO:0005886 [plasma membrane] GO:0005887 [integral component of plasma membrane] GO:0005938 [cell cortex] GO:0006468 [protein phosphorylation] GO:0006915 [apoptotic process] GO:0007267 [cell-cell signaling] GO:0007409 [axonogenesis] GO:0008201 [heparin binding] GO:0008284 [positive regulation of cell proliferation] GO:0008543 [fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway] GO:0008589 [regulation of smoothened signaling pathway] GO:0009791 [post-embryonic development] GO:0009880 [embryonic pattern specification] GO:0009887 [animal organ morphogenesis] GO:0009986 [cell surface] GO:0010453 [regulation of cell fate commitment] GO:0010518 [positive regulation of phospholipase activity] GO:0014066 [regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling] GO:0016020 [membrane] GO:0016021 [integral component of membrane] GO:0016301 [kinase activity] GO:0016303 [1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity] GO:0016310 [phosphorylation] GO:0016331 [morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium] GO:0016740 [transferase activity] GO:0017134 [fibroblast growth factor binding] GO:0018108 [peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation] GO:0021769 [orbitofrontal cortex development] GO:0021847 [ventricular zone neuroblast division] GO:0021860 [pyramidal neuron development] GO:0022612 [gland morphogenesis] GO:0030177 [positive regulation of Wnt signaling pathway] GO:0030282 [bone mineralization] GO:0030324 [lung development] GO:0030855 [epithelial cell differentiation] GO:0030901 [midbrain development] GO:0030916 [otic vesicle formation] GO:0031012 [extracellular matrix] GO:0031069 [hair follicle morphogenesis] GO:0031410 [cytoplasmic vesicle] GO:0032808 [lacrimal gland development] GO:0033688 [regulation of osteoblast proliferation] GO:0035264 [multicellular organism growth] GO:0035265 [organ growth] GO:0035602 [fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in negative regulation of apoptotic process in bone marrow] GO:0035603 [fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in hemopoiesis] GO:0035604 [fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in positive regulation of cell proliferation in bone marrow] GO:0035607 [fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in orbitofrontal cortex development] GO:0036092 [phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate biosynthetic process] GO:0040014 [regulation of multicellular organism growth] GO:0040036 [regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway] GO:0042472 [inner ear morphogenesis] GO:0042476 [odontogenesis] GO:0042803 [protein homodimerization activity] GO:0043231 [intracellular membrane-bounded organelle] GO:0043410 [positive regulation of MAPK cascade] GO:0043547 [positive regulation of GTPase activity] GO:0045165 [cell fate commitment] GO:0045667 [regulation of osteoblast differentiation] GO:0045787 [positive regulation of cell cycle] GO:0045944 [positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter] GO:0046777 [protein autophosphorylation] GO:0046854 [phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation] GO:0046934 [phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase activity] GO:0048015 [phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling] GO:0048286 [lung alveolus development] GO:0048557 [embryonic digestive tract morphogenesis] GO:0048562 [embryonic organ morphogenesis] GO:0048565 [digestive tract development] GO:0048568 [embryonic organ development] GO:0048608 [reproductive structure development] GO:0048701 [embryonic cranial skeleton morphogenesis] GO:0048705 [skeletal system morphogenesis] GO:0048730 [epidermis morphogenesis] GO:0048755 [branching morphogenesis of a nerve] GO:0048762 [mesenchymal cell differentiation] GO:0050679 [positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation] GO:0051150 [regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation] GO:0051781 [positive regulation of cell division] GO:0055010 [ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis] GO:0060045 [positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferation] GO:0060076 [excitatory synapse] GO:0060174 [limb bud formation] GO:0060348 [bone development] GO:0060349 [bone morphogenesis] GO:0060442 [branching involved in prostate gland morphogenesis] GO:0060445 [branching involved in salivary gland morphogenesis] GO:0060449 [bud elongation involved in lung branching] GO:0060463 [lung lobe morphogenesis] GO:0060484 [lung-associated mesenchyme development] GO:0060501 [positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis] GO:0060512 [prostate gland morphogenesis] GO:0060523 [prostate epithelial cord elongation] GO:0060527 [prostate epithelial cord arborization involved in prostate glandular acinus morphogenesis] GO:0060529 [squamous basal epithelial stem cell differentiation involved in prostate gland acinus development] GO:0060595 [fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in mammary gland specification] GO:0060601 [lateral sprouting from an epithelium] GO:0060615 [mammary gland bud formation] GO:0060664 [epithelial cell proliferation involved in salivary gland morphogenesis] GO:0060667 [branch elongation involved in salivary gland morphogenesis] GO:0060670 [branching involved in labyrinthine layer morphogenesis] GO:0060687 [regulation of branching involved in prostate gland morphogenesis] GO:0060688 [regulation of morphogenesis of a branching structure] GO:0060915 [mesenchymal cell differentiation involved in lung development] GO:0060916 [mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development] GO:0070372 [regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade] GO:0070374 [positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade] GO:0090263 [positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway]
Predicted intracellular proteins RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes Mutated cancer genes Mutational cancer driver genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Missense Mutations Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Predicted intracellular proteins RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes Mutated cancer genes Mutational cancer driver genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Missense Mutations Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
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