We use cookies to enhance the usability of our website. If you continue, we'll assume that you are happy to receive all cookies. More information. Don't show this again.
RNA category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed samples (RNA assay description). The categories include: tissue enriched, group enriched, tissue enhanced, expressed in all, mixed and not detected. RNA category is calculated separately for data imported from The Genotype-Tissue Expression project (GTEX), FANTOM5 Consortium (FANTOM5) and internally generated Human Protein Atlas (HPA) data.
Protein evidence scores are generated from several independent sources and are classified as evidence at i) protein level, ii) transcript level, iii) no evidence, or iv) not available.
Evidence at protein level
Protein expressioni
A summary of the overall protein expression pattern across the analyzed normal tissues. The summary is based on knowledge-based annotation.
"Estimation of protein expression could not be performed. View primary data." is shown for genes analyzed with a knowledge-based approach where available RNA-seq and gene/protein characterization data has been evaluated as not sufficient in combination with immunohistochemistry data to yield a reliable estimation of the protein expression profile.
Distinct membranous and cytoplasmic expression in selected tissues at variable levels, most abundant in lymphoid tissues.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY DATA RELIABILITY
Data reliability descriptioni
Standardized explanatory sentences with additional information required for full understanding of the knowledge-based expression profile.
Antibody staining consistent with RNA expression data.
Reliability scorei
Reliability score (score description), divided into Enhanced, Supported, Approved, or Uncertain, is evaluated in normal tissues and based on consistency between antibody staining pattern, available RNA-Seq and gene/protein characterization data, as well as similarity between independent antibodies targeting the same protein.
Below is an overview of RNA and protein expression data generated in the Human Protein Atlas project. Analyzed tissues are divided into color-coded groups according to which functional features they have in common. For each group, a list of included tissues is accessed by clicking on group name, group symbol, RNA bar, or protein bar. Subsequent selection of a particular tissue in this list links to the image data page.
Images of selected tissues give a visual summary of the protein expression profile furthest to the right.
The gray human body provides links to a histology dictionary when clicking on any part of the figure.
RNA expression (TPM)i
RNA-seq results generated in HPA are reported as number of transcripts per million (TPM). Each bar represents the highest expression score found in a particular group of tissues. The assay is described more in detail in Assays & Annotation.
Protein expression (score)i
Each bar represents the highest expression score found in a particular group of tissues. Protein expression scores are based on a best estimate of the "true" protein expression from a knowledge-based annotation, described more in detail under Assays & annotation. For genes where more than one antibody has been used, a collective score is set displaying the estimated true protein expression.
Protein expression data is shown for each of the 44 tissues. Color-coding is based on tissue groups, each consisting of tissues with functional features in common. Mouse-over function shows protein score for analyzed cell types in a selected tissue. To access image data click on tissue name or bar. Annotation of protein expression is described in detail in Assays & annotation.
For genes with available protein data for which a knowledge-based annotation gave inconclusive results, no protein expression data is displayed in the protein expression data overview. However, all immunohistochemical images are still available and the annotation data can be found under Primary data.
Organ
Expression
Alphabetical
RNA EXPRESSION OVERVIEWi
RNA expression overview shows RNA-data from three different sources: Internally generated Human Protein Atlas (HPA) RNA-seq data, RNA-seq data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project and CAGE data from FANTOM5 project. Color-coding is based on tissue groups, each consisting of tissues with functional features in common. To access sample data, click on tissue name or bar.
HPA dataseti
HPA dataset RNA-seq tissue data is reported as mean TPM (transcripts per million), corresponding to mean values of the different individual samples from each tissue. Color-coding is based on tissue groups, each consisting of tissues with functional features in common. To access sample data, click on tissue name or bar. The RNA-seq assay is described in detail in Assays & Annotation.
RNA tissue category HPA HPA RNA tissue category (category description) is calculated based on mRNA expression levels across all tissues and include: tissue enriched, group enriched, tissue enhanced, expressed in all, mixed and not detected.
Organ
Expression
Alphabetical
RNA tissue category: Tissue enhanced (spleen)
GTEx dataseti
GTEx dataset RNA-seq data is reported as median RPKM (reads per kilobase per million mapped reads), generated by the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project. More information can be found in Assays & Annotation.
RNA tissue category GTEx GTEx RNA tissue category (category description) is calculated based on mRNA expression levels across all tissues and include: tissue enriched, group enriched, tissue enhanced, expressed in all, mixed and not detected.
Organ
Expression
Alphabetical
RNA tissue category: Expressed in all
FANTOM5 dataseti
FANTOM5 dataset Tissue data obtained through Cap Analysis of Gene Expression (CAGE) are reported as Tags Per Million, generated by the FANTOM5 project. More information can be found in Assays & Annotation.
RNA tissue category FANTOM5 FANTOM5 RNA tissue category (category description) is calculated based on gene expression levels across all tissues and include: tissue enriched, group enriched, tissue enhanced, expressed in all, mixed and not detected.
Organ
Expression
Alphabetical
RNA tissue category: Expressed in all
GENE INFORMATIONi
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Gene name
LYN (HGNC Symbol)
Synonyms
JTK8
Description
LYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase (HGNC Symbol)
Entrez gene summary
This gene encodes a tyrosine protein kinase, which maybe involved in the regulation of mast cell degranulation, and erythroid differentiation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2011]
The protein browser displays the antigen location on the target protein(s) and the features of the target protein. The tabs at the top of the protein view section can be used to switch between the different splice variants to which an antigen has been mapped.
At the top of the view, the position of the antigen (identified by the corresponding HPA identifier) is shown as a green bar. A yellow triangle on the bar indicates a <100% sequence identity to the protein target.
Under the antigens, the maximum percent sequence identity of the protein to all other proteins from other human genes is displayed, using a sliding window of 10 aa residues (HsID 10) or 50 aa residues (HsID 50). The region with the lowest possible identity is always selected for antigen design, with a maximum identity of 60% allowed for designing a single-target antigen (read more).
The curve in blue displays the predicted antigenicity i.e. the tendency for different regions of the protein to generate an immune response, with peak regions being predicted to be more antigenic.The curve shows average values based on a sliding window approach using an in-house propensity scale. (read more).
If a signal peptide is predicted by a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius (turquoise) and/or transmembrane regions (orange) are predicted by MDM, these are displayed.
Low complexity regions are shown in yellow and InterPro regions in green. Common (purple) and unique (grey) regions between different splice variants of the gene are also displayed (read more), and at the bottom of the protein view is the protein scale.
LYN-002
LYN-003
LYN-006
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The ENSP identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary, while the ENST identifier links to the Ensembl website transcript summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the UniProt column can be expanded to show links to all matching UniProt identifiers for this protein.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The Gene Ontology terms assigned to this protein are listed if expanding the Gene ontology column. The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide (according to a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius) and the number of predicted transmembrane region(s) (according to MDM) are also reported.
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Kinases Tyr protein kinases SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Cancer-related genes Mutational cancer driver genes Disease related genes Potential drug targets Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000166 [nucleotide binding] GO:0001782 [B cell homeostasis] GO:0001817 [regulation of cytokine production] GO:0001932 [regulation of protein phosphorylation] GO:0001933 [negative regulation of protein phosphorylation] GO:0002223 [stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway] GO:0002250 [adaptive immune response] GO:0002376 [immune system process] GO:0002431 [Fc receptor mediated stimulatory signaling pathway] GO:0002513 [tolerance induction to self antigen] GO:0002553 [histamine secretion by mast cell] GO:0002576 [platelet degranulation] GO:0002762 [negative regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation] GO:0002768 [immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway] GO:0002774 [Fc receptor mediated inhibitory signaling pathway] GO:0002902 [regulation of B cell apoptotic process] GO:0004672 [protein kinase activity] GO:0004713 [protein tyrosine kinase activity] GO:0004715 [non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity] GO:0004716 [signal transducer, downstream of receptor, with protein tyrosine kinase activity] GO:0005102 [receptor binding] GO:0005161 [platelet-derived growth factor receptor binding] GO:0005178 [integrin binding] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005524 [ATP binding] GO:0005634 [nucleus] GO:0005737 [cytoplasm] GO:0005758 [mitochondrial intermembrane space] GO:0005794 [Golgi apparatus] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0005886 [plasma membrane] GO:0005913 [cell-cell adherens junction] GO:0006468 [protein phosphorylation] GO:0006954 [inflammatory response] GO:0006974 [cellular response to DNA damage stimulus] GO:0006991 [response to sterol depletion] GO:0007165 [signal transduction] GO:0007169 [transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway] GO:0007417 [central nervous system development] GO:0007596 [blood coagulation] GO:0008284 [positive regulation of cell proliferation] GO:0008285 [negative regulation of cell proliferation] GO:0009636 [response to toxic substance] GO:0009725 [response to hormone] GO:0009743 [response to carbohydrate] GO:0010976 [positive regulation of neuron projection development] GO:0014003 [oligodendrocyte development] GO:0014069 [postsynaptic density] GO:0014070 [response to organic cyclic compound] GO:0016020 [membrane] GO:0016032 [viral process] GO:0016301 [kinase activity] GO:0016310 [phosphorylation] GO:0016740 [transferase activity] GO:0017124 [SH3 domain binding] GO:0018108 [peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation] GO:0019899 [enzyme binding] GO:0023014 [signal transduction by protein phosphorylation] GO:0030061 [mitochondrial crista] GO:0030097 [hemopoiesis] GO:0030168 [platelet activation] GO:0030218 [erythrocyte differentiation] GO:0030335 [positive regulation of cell migration] GO:0030889 [negative regulation of B cell proliferation] GO:0031175 [neuron projection development] GO:0031234 [extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane] GO:0031295 [T cell costimulation] GO:0031625 [ubiquitin protein ligase binding] GO:0031663 [lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0031668 [cellular response to extracellular stimulus] GO:0031966 [mitochondrial membrane] GO:0032403 [protein complex binding] GO:0032868 [response to insulin] GO:0033003 [regulation of mast cell activation] GO:0033628 [regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin] GO:0034136 [negative regulation of toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway] GO:0034144 [negative regulation of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway] GO:0034605 [cellular response to heat] GO:0034666 [integrin alpha2-beta1 complex] GO:0035556 [intracellular signal transduction] GO:0038083 [peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation] GO:0038095 [Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway] GO:0038096 [Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis] GO:0042327 [positive regulation of phosphorylation] GO:0042493 [response to drug] GO:0042531 [positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein] GO:0042629 [mast cell granule] GO:0043015 [gamma-tubulin binding] GO:0043200 [response to amino acid] GO:0043208 [glycosphingolipid binding] GO:0043231 [intracellular membrane-bounded organelle] GO:0043304 [regulation of mast cell degranulation] GO:0043407 [negative regulation of MAP kinase activity] GO:0043434 [response to peptide hormone] GO:0043552 [positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity] GO:0044325 [ion channel binding] GO:0045087 [innate immune response] GO:0045121 [membrane raft] GO:0045646 [regulation of erythrocyte differentiation] GO:0046777 [protein autophosphorylation] GO:0048013 [ephrin receptor signaling pathway] GO:0048471 [perinuclear region of cytoplasm] GO:0048678 [response to axon injury] GO:0050663 [cytokine secretion] GO:0050707 [regulation of cytokine secretion] GO:0050727 [regulation of inflammatory response] GO:0050731 [positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation] GO:0050777 [negative regulation of immune response] GO:0050853 [B cell receptor signaling pathway] GO:0050855 [regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway] GO:0050861 [positive regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway] GO:0050900 [leukocyte migration] GO:0051219 [phosphoprotein binding] GO:0051272 [positive regulation of cellular component movement] GO:0051279 [regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol] GO:0060252 [positive regulation of glial cell proliferation] GO:0060369 [positive regulation of Fc receptor mediated stimulatory signaling pathway] GO:0060397 [JAK-STAT cascade involved in growth hormone signaling pathway] GO:0070062 [extracellular exosome] GO:0070304 [positive regulation of stress-activated protein kinase signaling cascade] GO:0070372 [regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade] GO:0070373 [negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade] GO:0070447 [positive regulation of oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation] GO:0070667 [negative regulation of mast cell proliferation] GO:0070668 [positive regulation of mast cell proliferation] GO:0071300 [cellular response to retinoic acid] GO:0090025 [regulation of monocyte chemotaxis] GO:0090330 [regulation of platelet aggregation] GO:0097028 [dendritic cell differentiation] GO:1902532 [negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction] GO:2000670 [positive regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic process]
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Kinases Tyr protein kinases SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Cancer-related genes Mutational cancer driver genes Disease related genes Potential drug targets Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000166 [nucleotide binding] GO:0001782 [B cell homeostasis] GO:0001817 [regulation of cytokine production] GO:0001932 [regulation of protein phosphorylation] GO:0001933 [negative regulation of protein phosphorylation] GO:0002223 [stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway] GO:0002250 [adaptive immune response] GO:0002376 [immune system process] GO:0002431 [Fc receptor mediated stimulatory signaling pathway] GO:0002513 [tolerance induction to self antigen] GO:0002576 [platelet degranulation] GO:0002768 [immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway] GO:0002774 [Fc receptor mediated inhibitory signaling pathway] GO:0002902 [regulation of B cell apoptotic process] GO:0004672 [protein kinase activity] GO:0004713 [protein tyrosine kinase activity] GO:0004715 [non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity] GO:0004716 [signal transducer, downstream of receptor, with protein tyrosine kinase activity] GO:0005102 [receptor binding] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005524 [ATP binding] GO:0005634 [nucleus] GO:0005737 [cytoplasm] GO:0005794 [Golgi apparatus] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0005886 [plasma membrane] GO:0006468 [protein phosphorylation] GO:0006954 [inflammatory response] GO:0006974 [cellular response to DNA damage stimulus] GO:0007165 [signal transduction] GO:0007169 [transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway] GO:0007417 [central nervous system development] GO:0007596 [blood coagulation] GO:0008284 [positive regulation of cell proliferation] GO:0008285 [negative regulation of cell proliferation] GO:0009725 [response to hormone] GO:0010976 [positive regulation of neuron projection development] GO:0016020 [membrane] GO:0016032 [viral process] GO:0016301 [kinase activity] GO:0016310 [phosphorylation] GO:0016740 [transferase activity] GO:0018108 [peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation] GO:0023014 [signal transduction by protein phosphorylation] GO:0030168 [platelet activation] GO:0030218 [erythrocyte differentiation] GO:0030889 [negative regulation of B cell proliferation] GO:0031234 [extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane] GO:0031295 [T cell costimulation] GO:0031663 [lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0033003 [regulation of mast cell activation] GO:0033628 [regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin] GO:0034136 [negative regulation of toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway] GO:0034144 [negative regulation of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway] GO:0038083 [peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation] GO:0038095 [Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway] GO:0038096 [Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis] GO:0042531 [positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein] GO:0042629 [mast cell granule] GO:0043231 [intracellular membrane-bounded organelle] GO:0043304 [regulation of mast cell degranulation] GO:0043407 [negative regulation of MAP kinase activity] GO:0044325 [ion channel binding] GO:0045087 [innate immune response] GO:0045121 [membrane raft] GO:0045646 [regulation of erythrocyte differentiation] GO:0046777 [protein autophosphorylation] GO:0048013 [ephrin receptor signaling pathway] GO:0048471 [perinuclear region of cytoplasm] GO:0050777 [negative regulation of immune response] GO:0050855 [regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway] GO:0050900 [leukocyte migration] GO:0051272 [positive regulation of cellular component movement] GO:0060397 [JAK-STAT cascade involved in growth hormone signaling pathway] GO:0070062 [extracellular exosome] GO:0070304 [positive regulation of stress-activated protein kinase signaling cascade] GO:0070372 [regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade] GO:0070373 [negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade] GO:0070667 [negative regulation of mast cell proliferation] GO:0070668 [positive regulation of mast cell proliferation] GO:0071300 [cellular response to retinoic acid] GO:0090025 [regulation of monocyte chemotaxis] GO:0090330 [regulation of platelet aggregation] GO:0097028 [dendritic cell differentiation] GO:1902532 [negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction] GO:2000670 [positive regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic process]