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RNA category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed samples (RNA assay description). The categories include: tissue/cell line enriched, group enriched, tissue/cell line enhanced, expressed in all, mixed and not detected. RNA category is calculated separately for The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data from cancer tissues and internally generated Human Protein Atlas (HPA) data from normal tissues and cell lines.
TCGA (cancer tissue):
Mixed
HPA (cell line):
Cell line enhanced (BJ hTERT+, BJ hTERT+ SV40 Large T+, fHDF/TERT166, HBF TERT88)
HPA (normal tissue):
Mixed
Protein evidencei
Protein evidence scores are generated from several independent sources and are classified as evidence at i) protein level, ii) transcript level, iii) no evidence, or iv) not available.
Evidence at protein level
Protein expression normal tissuei
A summary of the overall protein expression pattern across the analyzed normal tissues. The summary is based on knowledge-based annotation.
"Estimation of protein expression could not be performed. View primary data." is shown for genes analyzed with a knowledge-based approach where available RNA-seq and gene/protein characterization data has been evaluated as not sufficient in combination with immunohistochemistry data to yield a reliable estimation of the protein expression profile.
Estimation of protein expression could not be performed. View primary data.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY DATA RELIABILITY
Data reliability descriptioni
Standardized explanatory sentences with additional information required for full understanding of the knowledge-based expression profile.
RNA-based expert annotation gave inconclusive results. Pending retesting. Antibody staining not consistent with RNA expression data.
Reliability score - normal tissuesi
Reliability score (score description), divided into Enhanced, Supported, Approved, or Uncertain, is evaluated in normal tissues and based on consistency between antibody staining pattern, available RNA-Seq and gene/protein characterization data, as well as similarity between independent antibodies targeting the same protein.
Kaplan-Meier plots for all cancers where high expression of this gene has significant (p<0.001) association with patient survival are shown in this summary. Whether the prognosis is favourable or unfavourable is indicated in brackets. Each Kaplan-Meier plot is clickable and redirects to a detailed page that includes individual expression and survival data for patients with the selected cancer.
RNA expression overview shows RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).
TCGA dataseti
RNA-seq data in 17 cancer types are reported as median FPKM (number Fragments Per Kilobase of exon per Million reads), generated by the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). RNA cancer tissue category is calculated based on mRNA expression levels across all 17 cancer tissues and include: cancer tissue enriched, cancer group enriched, cancer tissue enhanced, expressed in all, mixed and not detected. To access cancer specific RNA and prognostic data, click on the cancer name. The cancer types are color-coded according to which type of normal organ the cancer originates from.
Antibody staining in 20 different cancers is summarized by a selection of four standard cancer tissue samples representative of the overall staining pattern. From left: colorectal cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer and lung cancer. An additional fifth image can be added as a complement. The assay and annotation is described here. Note that samples used for immunohistochemistry by the Human Protein Atlas do not correspond to samples in the TCGA dataset.
For each cancer, color-coded bars indicate the percentage of patients (maximum 12 patients) with high and medium protein expression level. The cancer types are color-coded according to which type of normal organ the cancer originates from. Low or not detected protein expression results in a white bar. Mouse-over function shows details about expression level and normal tissue of origin. The images and annotations can be accessed by clicking on the cancer name or protein expression bar. If more than one antibody is analyzed, the tabs at the top of the staining summary section can be used to toggle between the different antibodies.
A majority of the malignant cells were negative. Several cases of stomach, pancreatic and liver cancers displayed weak to moderate cytoplasmic immunoreactivity with additional nuclear staining in some cases. Urothelial cancers displayed strong positivity in a few cases.
A majority of malignant cells displayed weak to moderate cytoplasmic positivity. Malignant lymphomas and gastric cancer were generally negative.
A majority of cancer tissues showed moderate to strong cytoplasmic immunoreactivity. Most cases of malignant gliomas, lymphomas and melanomas as well as skin, testicular and renal cancers were weakly stained or negative.
GENE INFORMATIONi
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Gene name
SLIT2 (HGNC Symbol)
Synonyms
SLIL3, Slit-2
Description
Slit guidance ligand 2 (HGNC Symbol)
Entrez gene summary
This gene encodes a member of the slit family of secreted glycoproteins, which are ligands for the Robo family of immunoglobulin receptors. Slit proteins play highly conserved roles in axon guidance and neuronal migration and may also have functions during other cell migration processes including leukocyte migration. Members of the slit family are characterized by an N-terminal signal peptide, four leucine-rich repeats, nine epidermal growth factor repeats, and a C-terminal cysteine knot. Proteolytic processing of this protein gives rise to an N-terminal fragment that contains the four leucine-rich repeats and five epidermal growth factor repeats and a C-terminal fragment that contains four epidermal growth factor repeats and the cysteine knot. Both full length and cleaved proteins are secreted extracellularly and can function in axon repulsion as well as other specific processes. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]
The protein browser displays the antigen location on the target protein(s) and the features of the target protein. The tabs at the top of the protein view section can be used to switch between the different splice variants to which an antigen has been mapped.
At the top of the view, the position of the antigen (identified by the corresponding HPA identifier) is shown as a green bar. A yellow triangle on the bar indicates a <100% sequence identity to the protein target.
Under the antigens, the maximum percent sequence identity of the protein to all other proteins from other human genes is displayed, using a sliding window of 10 aa residues (HsID 10) or 50 aa residues (HsID 50). The region with the lowest possible identity is always selected for antigen design, with a maximum identity of 60% allowed for designing a single-target antigen (read more).
The curve in blue displays the predicted antigenicity i.e. the tendency for different regions of the protein to generate an immune response, with peak regions being predicted to be more antigenic.The curve shows average values based on a sliding window approach using an in-house propensity scale. (read more).
If a signal peptide is predicted by a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius (turquoise) and/or transmembrane regions (orange) are predicted by MDM, these are displayed.
Low complexity regions are shown in yellow and InterPro regions in green. Common (purple) and unique (grey) regions between different splice variants of the gene are also displayed (read more), and at the bottom of the protein view is the protein scale.
SLIT2-001
SLIT2-002
SLIT2-003
SLIT2-004
SLIT2-006
SLIT2-010
SLIT2-011
SLIT2-012
SLIT2-201
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The ENSP identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary, while the ENST identifier links to the Ensembl website transcript summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the UniProt column can be expanded to show links to all matching UniProt identifiers for this protein.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The Gene Ontology terms assigned to this protein are listed if expanding the Gene ontology column. The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide (according to a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius) and the number of predicted transmembrane region(s) (according to MDM) are also reported.
O94813 [Direct mapping] Slit homolog 2 protein Slit homolog 2 protein N-product Slit homolog 2 protein C-product
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Predicted secreted proteins Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC SignalP predicted secreted proteins Phobius predicted secreted proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0001657 [ureteric bud development] GO:0001933 [negative regulation of protein phosphorylation] GO:0002042 [cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis] GO:0002689 [negative regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis] GO:0005095 [GTPase inhibitor activity] GO:0005509 [calcium ion binding] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005576 [extracellular region] GO:0005615 [extracellular space] GO:0005737 [cytoplasm] GO:0005886 [plasma membrane] GO:0006935 [chemotaxis] GO:0007275 [multicellular organism development] GO:0007399 [nervous system development] GO:0007411 [axon guidance] GO:0008045 [motor neuron axon guidance] GO:0008201 [heparin binding] GO:0010593 [negative regulation of lamellipodium assembly] GO:0010596 [negative regulation of endothelial cell migration] GO:0014912 [negative regulation of smooth muscle cell migration] GO:0016020 [membrane] GO:0021836 [chemorepulsion involved in postnatal olfactory bulb interneuron migration] GO:0021972 [corticospinal neuron axon guidance through spinal cord] GO:0030154 [cell differentiation] GO:0030308 [negative regulation of cell growth] GO:0030336 [negative regulation of cell migration] GO:0030837 [negative regulation of actin filament polymerization] GO:0031290 [retinal ganglion cell axon guidance] GO:0032870 [cellular response to hormone stimulus] GO:0034260 [negative regulation of GTPase activity] GO:0035385 [Roundabout signaling pathway] GO:0042802 [identical protein binding] GO:0042803 [protein homodimerization activity] GO:0043065 [positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043116 [negative regulation of vascular permeability] GO:0043237 [laminin-1 binding] GO:0043394 [proteoglycan binding] GO:0048495 [Roundabout binding] GO:0048754 [branching morphogenesis of an epithelial tube] GO:0048846 [axon extension involved in axon guidance] GO:0050772 [positive regulation of axonogenesis] GO:0050919 [negative chemotaxis] GO:0050929 [induction of negative chemotaxis] GO:0051058 [negative regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction] GO:0051414 [response to cortisol] GO:0061364 [apoptotic process involved in luteolysis] GO:0070062 [extracellular exosome] GO:0070100 [negative regulation of chemokine-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0071504 [cellular response to heparin] GO:0071672 [negative regulation of smooth muscle cell chemotaxis] GO:0071676 [negative regulation of mononuclear cell migration] GO:0090024 [negative regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis] GO:0090027 [negative regulation of monocyte chemotaxis] GO:0090260 [negative regulation of retinal ganglion cell axon guidance] GO:0090288 [negative regulation of cellular response to growth factor stimulus]
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
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