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RNA category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed samples (RNA assay description). The categories include: tissue/cell line enriched, group enriched, tissue/cell line enhanced, expressed in all, mixed and not detected. RNA category is calculated separately for The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data from cancer tissues and internally generated Human Protein Atlas (HPA) data from normal tissues and cell lines.
TCGA (cancer tissue):
Expressed in all
HPA (cell line):
Group enriched (ASC diff, HDLM-2, HEL)
HPA (normal tissue):
Mixed
Protein evidencei
Protein evidence scores are generated from several independent sources and are classified as evidence at i) protein level, ii) transcript level, iii) no evidence, or iv) not available.
Evidence at protein level
Protein expression normal tissuei
A summary of the overall protein expression pattern across the analyzed normal tissues. The summary is based on knowledge-based annotation.
"Estimation of protein expression could not be performed. View primary data." is shown for genes analyzed with a knowledge-based approach where available RNA-seq and gene/protein characterization data has been evaluated as not sufficient in combination with immunohistochemistry data to yield a reliable estimation of the protein expression profile.
Cytoplasmic expression in several tissues, most abundant in subsets of immune cells.
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY DATA RELIABILITY
Data reliability descriptioni
Standardized explanatory sentences with additional information required for full understanding of the knowledge-based expression profile.
Antibody staining mainly consistent with RNA expression data.
Reliability score - normal tissuesi
Reliability score (score description), divided into Enhanced, Supported, Approved, or Uncertain, is evaluated in normal tissues and based on consistency between antibody staining pattern, available RNA-Seq and gene/protein characterization data, as well as similarity between independent antibodies targeting the same protein.
Kaplan-Meier plots for all cancers where high expression of this gene has significant (p<0.001) association with patient survival are shown in this summary. Whether the prognosis is favourable or unfavourable is indicated in brackets. Each Kaplan-Meier plot is clickable and redirects to a detailed page that includes individual expression and survival data for patients with the selected cancer.
Gene product is not prognostic.
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RNA EXPRESSION OVERVIEWi
RNA expression overview shows RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).
TCGA dataseti
RNA-seq data in 17 cancer types are reported as median FPKM (number Fragments Per Kilobase of exon per Million reads), generated by the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). RNA cancer tissue category is calculated based on mRNA expression levels across all 17 cancer tissues and include: cancer tissue enriched, cancer group enriched, cancer tissue enhanced, expressed in all, mixed and not detected. To access cancer specific RNA and prognostic data, click on the cancer name. The cancer types are color-coded according to which type of normal organ the cancer originates from.
Antibody staining in 20 different cancers is summarized by a selection of four standard cancer tissue samples representative of the overall staining pattern. From left: colorectal cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer and lung cancer. An additional fifth image can be added as a complement. The assay and annotation is described here. Note that samples used for immunohistochemistry by the Human Protein Atlas do not correspond to samples in the TCGA dataset.
For each cancer, color-coded bars indicate the percentage of patients (maximum 12 patients) with high and medium protein expression level. The cancer types are color-coded according to which type of normal organ the cancer originates from. Low or not detected protein expression results in a white bar. Mouse-over function shows details about expression level and normal tissue of origin. The images and annotations can be accessed by clicking on the cancer name or protein expression bar. If more than one antibody is analyzed, the tabs at the top of the staining summary section can be used to toggle between the different antibodies.
Cancer tissues displayed weak to moderate cytoplasmic and or nuclear positivity. Membranous staining was observed in colorectal cancers. Few cases of testicular cancers were strongly stained. Several cases of lymphomas, lung, skin and cervical cancers were negative.
Tumour tissues showed weak to moderate cytoplasmic staining. Lymphomas showed strong staining in most cases. Single cases of prostate, ovarian, cervical and liver cancers were also strongly stained. Most cases of gliomas, skin cancers and renal cancers were negative. Other malignancies were weakly to moderately stained.
GENE INFORMATIONi
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Gene name
JAK2 (HGNC Symbol)
Synonyms
JTK10
Description
Janus kinase 2 (HGNC Symbol)
Entrez gene summary
This gene product is a protein tyrosine kinase involved in a specific subset of cytokine receptor signaling pathways. It has been found to be constituitively associated with the prolactin receptor and is required for responses to gamma interferon. Mice that do not express an active protein for this gene exhibit embryonic lethality associated with the absence of definitive erythropoiesis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
The protein browser displays the antigen location on the target protein(s) and the features of the target protein. The tabs at the top of the protein view section can be used to switch between the different splice variants to which an antigen has been mapped.
At the top of the view, the position of the antigen (identified by the corresponding HPA identifier) is shown as a green bar. A yellow triangle on the bar indicates a <100% sequence identity to the protein target.
Under the antigens, the maximum percent sequence identity of the protein to all other proteins from other human genes is displayed, using a sliding window of 10 aa residues (HsID 10) or 50 aa residues (HsID 50). The region with the lowest possible identity is always selected for antigen design, with a maximum identity of 60% allowed for designing a single-target antigen (read more).
The curve in blue displays the predicted antigenicity i.e. the tendency for different regions of the protein to generate an immune response, with peak regions being predicted to be more antigenic.The curve shows average values based on a sliding window approach using an in-house propensity scale. (read more).
If a signal peptide is predicted by a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius (turquoise) and/or transmembrane regions (orange) are predicted by MDM, these are displayed.
Low complexity regions are shown in yellow and InterPro regions in green. Common (purple) and unique (grey) regions between different splice variants of the gene are also displayed (read more), and at the bottom of the protein view is the protein scale.
JAK2-001
JAK2-002
JAK2-005
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The ENSP identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary, while the ENST identifier links to the Ensembl website transcript summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the UniProt column can be expanded to show links to all matching UniProt identifiers for this protein.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The Gene Ontology terms assigned to this protein are listed if expanding the Gene ontology column. The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide (according to a majority of the signal peptide predictors SPOCTOPUS, SignalP 4.0, and Phobius) and the number of predicted transmembrane region(s) (according to MDM) are also reported.
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Kinases Tyr protein kinases SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Mutational cancer driver genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Other Mutations COSMIC Missense Mutations COSMIC Translocations Disease related genes FDA approved drug targets Small molecule drugs Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0000165 [MAPK cascade] GO:0000166 [nucleotide binding] GO:0000186 [activation of MAPKK activity] GO:0002250 [adaptive immune response] GO:0002376 [immune system process] GO:0004672 [protein kinase activity] GO:0004713 [protein tyrosine kinase activity] GO:0004715 [non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity] GO:0005088 [Ras guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity] GO:0005102 [receptor binding] GO:0005131 [growth hormone receptor binding] GO:0005143 [interleukin-12 receptor binding] GO:0005515 [protein binding] GO:0005524 [ATP binding] GO:0005634 [nucleus] GO:0005654 [nucleoplasm] GO:0005737 [cytoplasm] GO:0005829 [cytosol] GO:0005856 [cytoskeleton] GO:0005886 [plasma membrane] GO:0005901 [caveola] GO:0005925 [focal adhesion] GO:0006468 [protein phosphorylation] GO:0006915 [apoptotic process] GO:0006919 [activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process] GO:0006928 [movement of cell or subcellular component] GO:0006979 [response to oxidative stress] GO:0007165 [signal transduction] GO:0007167 [enzyme linked receptor protein signaling pathway] GO:0007186 [G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway] GO:0007204 [positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration] GO:0007259 [JAK-STAT cascade] GO:0007260 [tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein] GO:0007262 [STAT protein import into nucleus] GO:0007498 [mesoderm development] GO:0007596 [blood coagulation] GO:0008022 [protein C-terminus binding] GO:0008284 [positive regulation of cell proliferation] GO:0008285 [negative regulation of cell proliferation] GO:0008631 [intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to oxidative stress] GO:0009755 [hormone-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0010667 [negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process] GO:0010811 [positive regulation of cell-substrate adhesion] GO:0012505 [endomembrane system] GO:0014068 [positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling] GO:0016020 [membrane] GO:0016301 [kinase activity] GO:0016310 [phosphorylation] GO:0016363 [nuclear matrix] GO:0016477 [cell migration] GO:0016569 [covalent chromatin modification] GO:0016740 [transferase activity] GO:0018108 [peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation] GO:0019221 [cytokine-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0019901 [protein kinase binding] GO:0020037 [heme binding] GO:0022408 [negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion] GO:0030041 [actin filament polymerization] GO:0030154 [cell differentiation] GO:0030218 [erythrocyte differentiation] GO:0030335 [positive regulation of cell migration] GO:0031103 [axon regeneration] GO:0031234 [extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane] GO:0031702 [type 1 angiotensin receptor binding] GO:0031904 [endosome lumen] GO:0031959 [mineralocorticoid receptor signaling pathway] GO:0032024 [positive regulation of insulin secretion] GO:0032496 [response to lipopolysaccharide] GO:0032516 [positive regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity] GO:0032731 [positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production] GO:0032760 [positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production] GO:0033130 [acetylcholine receptor binding] GO:0033160 [positive regulation of protein import into nucleus, translocation] GO:0033194 [response to hydroperoxide] GO:0033209 [tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0034612 [response to tumor necrosis factor] GO:0035401 [histone kinase activity (H3-Y41 specific)] GO:0035409 [histone H3-Y41 phosphorylation] GO:0035556 [intracellular signal transduction] GO:0035722 [interleukin-12-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0038083 [peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation] GO:0042127 [regulation of cell proliferation] GO:0042169 [SH2 domain binding] GO:0042393 [histone binding] GO:0042503 [tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein] GO:0042506 [tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein] GO:0042508 [tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat1 protein] GO:0042517 [positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein] GO:0042523 [positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein] GO:0042977 [activation of JAK2 kinase activity] GO:0042981 [regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043065 [positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043388 [positive regulation of DNA binding] GO:0043392 [negative regulation of DNA binding] GO:0043524 [negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process] GO:0043547 [positive regulation of GTPase activity] GO:0043548 [phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase binding] GO:0043560 [insulin receptor substrate binding] GO:0045087 [innate immune response] GO:0045121 [membrane raft] GO:0045429 [positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process] GO:0045597 [positive regulation of cell differentiation] GO:0045822 [negative regulation of heart contraction] GO:0046677 [response to antibiotic] GO:0046777 [protein autophosphorylation] GO:0046872 [metal ion binding] GO:0048008 [platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway] GO:0050727 [regulation of inflammatory response] GO:0050729 [positive regulation of inflammatory response] GO:0050731 [positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation] GO:0050867 [positive regulation of cell activation] GO:0051091 [positive regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity] GO:0051428 [peptide hormone receptor binding] GO:0051770 [positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process] GO:0060333 [interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0060334 [regulation of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0060396 [growth hormone receptor signaling pathway] GO:0060397 [JAK-STAT cascade involved in growth hormone signaling pathway] GO:0060399 [positive regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway] GO:0060548 [negative regulation of cell death] GO:0061180 [mammary gland epithelium development] GO:0070671 [response to interleukin-12] GO:0097191 [extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway] GO:0097296 [activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway] GO:1902728 [positive regulation of growth factor dependent skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation] GO:1904037 [positive regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process] GO:1904707 [positive regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation]
Predicted intracellular proteins Cancer-related genes Mutational cancer driver genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Other Mutations COSMIC Missense Mutations COSMIC Translocations Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
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